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How do Honey Bees Choose a Queen?

Writer: Fiach OBroin-MolloyFiach OBroin-Molloy

Updated: May 26, 2023

Hello! Today, we're going to dive into the fascinating world of honey bees and learn about how they choose a queen. Honey bees are truly amazing creatures, and their social structure is one of the most complex and fascinating in the animal kingdom. Let's get started!


So, how do honey bees choose a queen? Well, it all starts when the colony needs a new queen. This can happen for a variety of reasons, such as when the current queen bee dies or is no longer producing enough eggs. When this happens, the colony begins a process called "swarming," during which they produce several queen bees.


The process of choosing a queen bee is quite remarkable. Worker bees will select several young, immature bees (known as "queen cells") and feed them a special diet of royal jelly. This diet is rich in nutrients and helps the queen cells grow and mature into strong, healthy queen bees.


An opened queen cell

Once the queen cells have matured, the colony will then hold a "queen bee contest." During this contest, the newly matured queen bees will fight to the death until only one remains. The winner of this contest will become the new queen bee of the colony. It's important to note that not all queen bees are created equal. Queen bees have different genetics, and the colony will choose the queen bee that has the best genes for their needs. This helps to ensure the survival of the colony and ensures that future generations of bees will also be strong and healthy.


The process of choosing a queen bee is crucial for the survival of the colony. The queen bee is the most important member of the colony, and her role is to lay eggs and ensure the survival of the colony. Without a strong and healthy queen bee, the colony cannot survive.


It's also worth mentioning that the process of choosing a queen bee is influenced by a number of factors, including the age of the colony, the availability of food, and the health of the colony. For example, if the colony is suffering from disease or is under stress, the process of choosing a queen bee may be disrupted or delayed.


The Queen is much bigger but we mark her so it is easier to spot her in a busy hive

In conclusion, the process of choosing a queen bee is an essential aspect of the social structure of honey bees. The colony selects several young, immature bees and feeds them a special diet of royal jelly to help them mature into strong, healthy queen bees. The colony then holds a "queen bee contest," during which the newly matured queen bees fight to the death until only one remains. This process helps to ensure the survival of the colony and ensures that future generations of bees will also be strong and healthy.


The queen cell is much larger than average bee cells o she has more space to grow

So, there you have it! I hope this post has given you a better understanding of how honey bees choose a queen. If you have any questions or would like to learn more, feel free to leave a comment below. Thank you for reading!




Our home in Renfrewshire is called Ben Seillean. Ben Seillean means hill of the bees in Scots Gaelic. We love bees and are investing in making the perfect garden to nurture our bees through the year. Heather, lavender, wild flower meadows and beautiful bulbs keep the garden in bloom from early spring to late autumn.


We love bees 🐝 everything we plant is selected to attract them and create a vibrant garden full of life and biodiversity.


Check out our range of organic beeswax candles snd soaps. All handmade in Scotland with love ❤️ 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁳󠁣󠁴󠁿

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